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System Rain Water Harvesting

Shortage of water supply in urban areas is one of the major problems facing all countries, including developed countries of the world. Humans can not survive without water even for a day. Ground water is depleting day by day everywhere while the urban population is increasing at an alarming rate mainly due to migration of population from rural to urban areas and Therefore, the increased water demand. In urban areas, collection of groundwater naturally, such as rural areas are not being held due to the large expansion of urban settlements.

Moreover, due to lack of rain water loading during the rainy season, urban areas are causing serious flooding. These floods have destroyed urban infrastructure and crops of suburban areas every year during the rainy season. Therefore, there is a need to propagate the collection rainwater in urban areas.

Rainwater harvesting techniques: —
In urban areas, rainwater harvesting can be divided into two categories described below.

1. Rooftop rain water harvesting: –
The system of rainwater on the roof Harvesting requires four elements ie a catch ment area, (ii) conduits, (iii) settlement tank and (iv) recharge or installation storage. System for rainwater harvesting, a dry hole, well, an underground tank or well immersion are needed, along with conduits or pipes that carry rainwater from the area or roof tops to harvesting and storage system.

• Roof Catchment:
The roof of the house is used as the catchment for rainwater collection. The style, construction and material of the roof effect its suitability as a catchment. Tin roofs corrugated iron, asbestos sheeting, tiles or concrete can be used as such for harvesting rainwater. However, with thatched roofs are not adequate because that gives color to the water and the water carries pieces of roof material (such as palm leaves).

• Gutters:
Gutters are channels fixed to the edges of the roof around to collect and transport rainwater from the roof to the storage tank. Gutters can be prepared in a semi-circular and rectangular. Locally available materials such as simple galvanized iron sheet can be bent easily to the forms necessary for preparing semi-circular canals and rectangular. Semi-circular Channel PVC material can be easily prepared by cutting the PVC pipe into two semi-channels of equal circular.
Bamboo can also be use for making gutters if they are available locally in sufficient quantity. The use of such premises to reduce the materials available on all system costs.

2. Stormwater Charge through open drains
In urban areas, rainwater harvesting naturally occurs only in areas excluded from open spaces and parks. In the new areas being developed by Urban Development Authorities / civic bodies, rain water is disposed off than through an underground sewer lines, leaving no scope for recharging of this rain water into the ground.

The Haryana Government has given a step in this direction taking necessary steps in the laws enacted under Building Bye Punjab Scheduled Roads and areas controlled by the Restriction of Unregulated Development Rules, 1963. Those regulations were described as below.

• The system of collection, transport and dispersion for rainwater harvesting are conducted in such a way that only the clear water can enter. No contaminated wastewater from the buildings and surrounding areas must find its way into the system.

• The entry points for rainwater harvesting is designed so that in normal days remain covered of these. Agreement on the segregation of rainwater from the first shower (containing the wash water) should also be indicated.

• The Device rapid filtration of rainwater will also collect rainwater and / tube-well, so that rain water does not pollute or choke the strata.

• The complete system of rainwater tanks will be built in the area of the plot, as defined in the zoning plan of the plot.

• The recharge and is at a distance of not less than ten feet from any structure of a sewerage or industrial waste water (such as septic tank or effluent treatment plant). This minimum distance of ten meters will not be applicable to manholes or sewer lines, but shall be ensured that leakproof.

About the Author

Vinay Choubey
SEO Manager
For more details on Rain Water Harvesting System visit www.townplanning.in

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